Six tasks: the settings, stopping them leaking between test suites, the count, the alerts, the refusal, and the manual reset.
The count is derived from item_drafts rather than a tally, as the issue asks. That forces a decision it left open: a reset cannot delete anything, because the rows are real submissions whose items are sitting in the review queue. So a reset stores a timestamp and the window becomes the later of that and 24 hours ago — one derived count, no second tally, and a reset that is an auditable fact rather than a deletion.
The refusal is ordered ahead of uploadImages, for the same reason requireUsableLink is: a refused submission must write zero bytes. Ordering it after would accept the upload, store the files and throw them away, which is the expensive half of the work the ceiling exists to prevent.
The alert throttle is in memory rather than in the database, so a restart during an incident can send one extra alert. That is a better trade than writing to admin_settings from the request path on every refused submission, and it is noted that a replicated deployment would have to move it.
Self-review caught two things against the tree. POST /api/admin/items answers 200 rather than 201, so that assertion was wrong. And resetDb deliberately does not truncate admin_settings — it deletes only the email_ rows — so a ceiling of 1 left behind would make every later suite's submissions refuse with a 503, in files that never mention a ceiling. The comment in that file records the same failure happening once already with an email template. Task 1b widens the cleanup.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>